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Gwen Renée Stefani ( /stɛˈfɑːni/; born October 3, 1969) is an
American singer-songwriter and fashion designer. Stefani is the lead
vocalist for the rock and ska band No Doubt. Stefani recorded Love.
Angel. Music. Baby., her first solo album, in 2004. The album was
inspired by music of the 1980s [2] and was a success with sales of over
seven million copies.[3] The album's third single, "Hollaback Girl", was
the first US digital download to sell one million copies.[4] Stefani's
second solo album, The Sweet Escape (2006), yielded "Wind It Up", "4 in
the Morning", and the highest-selling single "The Sweet Escape".
Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than forty
million albums worldwide.[5] She won the World's Best-Selling New Female
Artist at the World Music Awards 2005.
In 2003, she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with
the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line, drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and
fashion. Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers
known as the Harajuku Girls dancers. She married British grunge musician Gavin
Rossdale in 2002 and they have two sons: Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, born
May 26, 2006, and Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale, born August 20, 2008. Billboard
magazine named Stefani the fifty-fourth artist and thirty-seventh Hot 100 artist
of the 2000–09 decade.[6][7]
****
Background information
Birth name Gwen Renée Stefani
Born October 3, 1969 (1969-10-03) (age 42)
Fullerton, California, United States
Genres Pop, dance, rock, electronic, R&B
Occupations Singer-songwriter, record producer, fashion designer, dancer
Instruments Vocals, guitar[1]
Years active 1986–present
Labels Interscope
Associated acts No Doubt, Eve, The Neptunes, Sublime, Dr. Dre, Akon, Outkast
Website www.gwenstefani.com
****
Biography
Early life
Stefani was born and raised in Fullerton, California,[8] and grew up in a Roman
Catholic household. She attended Loara High School in Anaheim, California.[9]
She was named after a stewardess in the 1968 novel Airport, and her middle name,
Renée, comes from The Four Tops' 1968 cover of The Left Banke's 1966 hit song
"Walk Away Renée".[10] Her father, Dennis Stefani, is Italian American and
worked as a Yamaha marketing executive.[11] Her mother, Patti (née Flynn), is of
Irish and Scottish descent and worked as an accountant before becoming a
homemaker.[11][12] Gwen's parents were fans of folk music and exposed her to
music by artists like Bob Dylan and Emmylou Harris.[9] She is the second oldest
of four children: she has a younger sister, Jill Stefani, a younger brother,
Todd, and an older brother, Eric.[9][12] Eric was the keyboardist for No Doubt;
he left the band to pursue a career in animation on The Simpsons on the Fox TV
network.[8]
Many of the women in Stefani's family were seamstresses, and much of her
clothing was made by them or her mother. As a child, Stefani's musical interests
consisted of musicals such as The Sound of Music and Evita. After making a demo
tape for her father, she was encouraged to take music lessons to train her
"loopy, unpredictable" voice. Stefani made her onstage debut during a talent
show at Loara High School, where she sang "I Have Confidence", from The Sound of
Music, in a self-made tweed dress inspired by one from the film.[1][3] Stefani
was on the Loara swim team in an attempt to lose weight.[13] She first worked at
a Dairy Queen and later manned the MAC makeup counter of a department store.[14]
After graduating from high school in 1987,[1] she began attending Fullerton
College before transferring to California State University, Fullerton.[15]
1986–2004: No Doubt
Eric introduced Gwen to 2 Tone music by Madness and The Selecter, and in 1986 he
invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a ska band he was forming.[8]
Finally, in 1991, the band was signed to Interscope Records. She also was a
featured artist for Sublime on their song "Saw Red", notably before either No
Doubt's breakthrough success in 1995 or Sublime's the following year. The band
released its self-titled debut album in 1992, but its ska-pop sound was
unsuccessful due to the popularity of grunge.[16] Stefani rejected the
aggressiveness of female grunge artists and cited Blondie singer Debbie Harry's
combination of power and sex appeal as a major influence.[17] No Doubt's third
album, Tragic Kingdom (1995), which followed the self-released The Beacon Street
Collection (1995), took more than three years to make. Soon after Stefani joined
No Doubt, she and bandmate Tony Kanal began dating.[15] Stefani stated that she
was heavily invested in the relationship, commenting that "...all I ever did was
look at Tony and pray that God would let me have a baby with him."[1] During
this time, the band almost split up because of the failed romantic relationship
between Stefani and Kanal.[18] Kanal ended the relationship.[19] Their break-up
inspired Stefani lyrically, and many of the album's songs, such as "Don't
Speak", "Sunday Morning", and "Hey You", chronicle the ups and downs of their
relationship.[20] Five singles were released from Tragic Kingdom and "Don't
Speak" led 1996's US year-end airplay chart.[21] Stefani left college for one
semester to tour for Tragic Kingdom but did not return when touring lasted two
and a half years.[9] The album sold more than sixteen million copies
worldwide,[9] and received several Grammy Award nominations.[22]
No Doubt released the less popular Return of Saturn in 2000, which expands upon
the New Wave influences of Tragic Kingdom.[23] Most of the lyrical content
focuses on Stefani's often rocky relationship with then-Bush frontman Gavin
Rossdale and her overall insecurities, including indecision on settling down and
having a child.[24] The band's 2001 album, Rock Steady, explored more reggae and
dancehall sounds, while maintaining the band's New Wave influences, and
generally received positive reviews.[25] The album generated career-highest
singles chart positions in the United States,[26] and "Hey Baby" and "Underneath
It All" received Grammy Awards. A greatest hits collection, The Singles
1992–2003, which includes a cover of Talk Talk's "It's My Life", was released in
2003 to moderate sales. Before the mainstream success of both No Doubt and
Sublime, Stefani contributed guest vocals to "Saw Red" on Sublime's 1994 album
Robbin' the Hood. During the time when No Doubt was receiving mainstream
success, Stefani has collaborated on the singles "South Side" and "Let Me Blow
Ya Mind" with Moby and Eve, respectively. In 2002 Eve and Stefani won a Grammy
Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind".[27] She also
collaborated with The Brian Setzer Orchestra on a cover of "You're the Boss",
originally performed by Elvis Presley and Ann-Margret, for its 1998 album The
Dirty Boogie.
Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt,
resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. Stylist Andrea Lieberman
introduced her to haute couture clothing, which led to Stefani launching a
fashion line named L.A.M.B. in 2004.[9] The line takes influence from a variety
of fashions, including Guatemalan, Japanese, and Jamaican styles.[28] The line
achieved popularity among celebrities and is worn by stars such as Teri Hatcher,
Nicole Kidman, and Stefani herself.[29][30] In June 2005, she expanded her
collection with the less expensive Harajuku Lovers line, which she referred to
as "a glorified merchandise line", with varied products including a camera,
mobile phone charms, and undergarments.[31][32] In late 2006, Stefani released a
limited edition line of dolls called "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Fashion dolls".
The dolls are inspired by the various costumes that Stefani and the Harajuku
Girls wore while touring for the album.[33] In late summer 2007, Stefani
launched a perfume, L, as a part of her L.A.M.B. collection of clothing and
accessories. The perfume has high notes of sweet pea and rose.[34] In September
2008, Stefani released a fragrance line as a part of her Harajuku Lovers product
line. There are five different fragrances based on the four Harajuku Girls and
Stefani herself called Love, Lil' Angel, Music, Baby and G (Gwen).[35]
2004–06: Love. Angel. Music. Baby.
Following No Doubt's hiatus, Stefani sought out her former bandmate Tony Kanal
to discuss the possibility of a solo career. The idea was to make a quick dance
record, but this became a large collaboration with other artists, producers and
various non-ska influences. The result was two successful albums. Currently,
Stefani has two solo albums, Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (2004), and The Sweet
Escape (2006), with combined sales of nearly twenty million copies.[36]
Stefani's debut solo album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. was released in November
2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and
other artists, including Tony Kanal, Linda Perry, André 3000, Nellee Hooper, The
Neptunes and New Order. Stefani created the album to modernize the music to
which she listened when in high school, and L.A.M.B. takes influence from a
variety of music styles of the 1980s and early 1990s such as New Wave and
electro.[37] Stefani's decision to use her solo career as an opportunity to
delve further into pop music instead of trying "to convince the world of [her]
talent, depth and artistic worth" was considered unusual.[2] As a result,
reviews of the album were mixed, and it was described as "fun as hell but [...]
not exactly rife with subversive social commentary."[38] The album debuted on
the US Billboard 200 albums chart at number seven, selling 309,000 copies in its
first week.[39] It sold well, reaching multi-platinum status in the United
States,[11] the United Kingdom,[40] Australia,[41] and Canada.[42] At the 2005
Grammy Awards, Stefani was nominated for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for
"What You Waiting For?",[43] and at the next year's awards, Stefani received
five nominations for Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Female Pop
Vocal Performance, Best Pop Vocal Album, and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.[44]
The first single released from the album was "What You Waiting For?", which
charted outside the US top forty,[45] but reached the top ten on most other
charts.[46] The song served to explain why Stefani produced a solo album and
discusses her fears in leaving No Doubt for a solo career[47] as well as her
desire to have a baby.[48] "Rich Girl" was released as the album's second
single. A duet with rapper Eve, and produced by Dr. Dre, it is an adaptation of
a 1990s pop song by British musicians Louchie Lou & Michie One, which itself is
a cover of "If I Were a Rich Man", from the musical Fiddler on the Roof. "Rich
Girl" proved successful on several formats, and reached the US and UK top
ten.[45][49]
L.A.M.B.'s third single "Hollaback Girl" became Stefani's first US and second
Australian number-one single; it was less successful elsewhere.[45][50] The song
was the first US digital download to sell more than one million copies legally,
and its brass-driven composition remained popular throughout 2005.[4] The fourth
single "Cool" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor,
but failed to match its chart success, reaching the top twenty in US and
UK.[45][49] The song's lyrics and its accompanying music video, filmed in Lake
Como, Italy, depict Stefani's former relationship with Kanal.[51] "Luxurious"
was released as the album's fifth single, but did not perform as well as its
predecessors. "Crash" was released in early 2006 as the album's sixth single in
lieu of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'s sequel, which Stefani postponed because of
her pregnancy.[52]
During mid-1995, No Doubt and rock band Goo Goo Dolls went on tour opening for
alternative rock band Bush. Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer Gavin
Rossdale.[17] They married on September 14, 2002, with a wedding in St Paul's,
Covent Garden, London. A second wedding was held in Los Angeles two weeks
later.[53] According to Stefani, it was held so that she could wear her
custom-designed wedding dress by John Galliano twice.[54] A paternity test in
2004 revealed that Rossdale had a daughter, Daisy Lowe (who was fifteen years
old then), from a previous relationship with model and designer Pearl Lowe.
Stefani was "devastated and infuriated" at the discovery, leading to a rocky
patch in her relationship with Rossdale.[55] Though Rossdale remains Daisy's
godfather, he has severed all ties with the Lowes.[56][57] Stefani's song
"Danger Zone" was widely believed to be about the discovery and its
aftermath,[58] which has proven to be impossible because the song was written
prior to the incident.[11]
In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances and began
auditioning for films such as Mr. & Mrs. Smith.[59] She made her acting debut
playing Jean Harlow in Martin Scorsese's The Aviator in 2004 and was nominated
for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a
Motion Picture the following year.[60] Scorsese, whose daughter was a No Doubt
fan, showed reciprocal interest in casting Stefani after seeing her picture from
a Marilyn Monroe-inspired photo shoot for Teen Vogue in 2003.[61][62] To prepare
for the role, Stefani read two biographies and watched eighteen of Harlow's
films.[9] Shooting her part took four to five days, and Stefani had few
lines.[63] Stefani lent her voice to the title character of the 2004 video game
Malice; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band
members' voices.[64]
2006-08: The Sweet Escape
Stefani's second solo album, The Sweet Escape, was recorded by Guy Charbonneau's
Le Mobile Remote Recording Studio and released in December 2006.[65] Stefani
recollaborated with Kanal, Perry, and The Neptunes, along with Akon and Tim
Rice-Oxley from English rock band Keane. The album focuses more heavily on
electronic and dance music for clubs than its predecessor.[11] Stefani commented
that it differed from L.A.M.B. because "I just wasn't inspired to do another
album and…I was a lot more relaxed making it."[66] Its release coincided with
the DVD release of Stefani's first tour, entitled Harajuku Lovers Live. The
album received mixed reviews by critics, who found that it "has a surprisingly
moody, lightly autobiographical feel... [but] Stefani isn't convincing as a
dissatisfied diva"[67] and called the album a "hasty return" that repeats Love.
Angel. Music. Baby. with less energy.[68]
"Wind It Up", the album's lead single, was panned by critics for its use of
yodeling and an interpolation of The Sound of Music,[69] but was moderately
successful, reaching the top twenty in most markets.[70] The title track was
well-received. To promote The Sweet Escape, Stefani was a mentor on the sixth
season of American Idol and performed the song with Akon. It became Stefani's
most successful song of her solo career and earned her a Grammy Award nomination
for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals.[71] In November 2006, the club single
"Yummy" was released as a three-track maxi promo single and as a 12" vinyl
single,[72][73] both featuring a radio edit, an instrumental and an a cappella
version of the song. "4 in the Morning" was released as the album's third
single. The album's fourth single was a hybrid version of "Now That You Got It"
which featured Damian Marley. "Early Winter" was released in February 2008 with
initial success on European charts. To promote the album, Stefani embarked a
worldwide tour, The Sweet Escape Tour. The tour covered North America, Europe,
Asia and the Pacific and part of Latin America. In an interview with
Entertainment Weekly on June 6, 2011, Stefani confirmed that she would no longer
continue work as a solo artist, stating, "That was a moment in time [...] It
went on a little longer than we all thought it would, because it was inspired
and you have to go with wherever you're at in that time in your life... [But]
everything works out how it should."[74]
In December 2005, Stefani and Rossdale announced that they were expecting their
first child together. The pregnancy was first reported by Us Weekly, and Stefani
confirmed the pregnancy by shouting "I want you to sing so loud that the baby
hears it" during a concert in Fort Lauderdale, Florida after her press agent
stated that it was untrue.[52] On May 26, 2006, their son, Kingston James
McGregor Rossdale, was born via cesarean section at the Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center in Los Angeles.[75] Kingston weighed 3.4 kg (7 lb 8 oz).[76] In January
2008, it was confirmed by her father-in-law that Stefani would be expecting her
second child.[77]
2008–present: Return to No Doubt
With Stefani promoting her second solo album, No Doubt began initial work on a
new album without her[78] and planned to complete it after Stefani's The Sweet
Escape Tour was finished.[79] In March 2008, the band started making posts
concerning the progression of the album on their official fan forum. Stefani
made a post on March 28, 2008 stating that songwriting had commenced but was
slow on her end because she was, at the time, pregnant with her second
child.[80]
Manager Jim Guerinot said the yet-untitled album is being produced by Mark
"Spike" Stent, who helped produce and mix Rock Steady. Between Stefani's
pregnancy and recording, No Doubt did not tour in 2008, but Guerinot promised
they plan to hit the road hard in 2009 for their first full-fledged band tour in
nearly five years.[81]
The Singles 1992–2003 became available on December 9, 2008 for the video game
Rock Band 2.[82] All members of No Doubt except for Stefani served as Scott
Weiland's backing band on the album "Happy" in Galoshes. No Doubt announced on
their official website they wanted to tour in 2009[83] while finishing their
upcoming album, which was set for release 2010.[84] On November 24, 2008, it was
announced that No Doubt would be headlining the Bamboozle 2009 festival in May,
along with Fall Out Boy. The band completed a national tour in the summer of
2009.[85] On August 21, 2008, Stefani gave birth via cesarean section to her
second son, Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale, weighing 3.85 kg (8 lb 8 oz). A
representative for Stefani said, "Mother, baby and family are all happy and
healthy."[86]
As of January 2011, Stefani has become the spokesperson for L'Oréal Paris.[87]
Artistry
Vocal ability
Stefani's unusual and dynamic vocals have been noted for their "deep
vibrato"[88] and Stefani has been described as having a "unique vocal
prowess".[89] In the single "Cool", her vocal range covers close to two
octaves.[90] Kelefa Sanneh of The New York Times joked that as Stefani grew as a
musician, she kicked her "addiction" to vibrato.[91] Stefani received five
nominations at the 2006 Grammy Awards, including Best Female Pop Vocal
Performance and Best Pop Vocal Album.[44]
Image
Stefani began wearing a bindi in the mid 1990s after attending several family
gatherings for Tony Kanal, who is of Indian heritage.[92] During No Doubt's
breakthrough, Stefani wore the forehead decoration in several of the band's
music videos and briefly popularized the accessory in 1997.[93] First attracting
attention in the 1995 music video for "Just a Girl", Stefani is known for her
midriff and frequently wears shirts that expose it.[94] Stefani's makeup design
generally includes light face powder, bright red lipstick, and arched eyebrows;
she wrote about the subject in a song titled "Magic's in the Makeup" for No
Doubt's Return of Saturn, asking "If the magic's in the makeup/Then who am
I?".[9]
Stefani is a natural brunette, though her hair has not been its natural color
since she was in ninth grade.[95] Since late 1994, she has had platinum blonde
hair. Stefani discussed this in the song "Platinum Blonde Life" on Rock Steady
and played original blonde bombshell Jean Harlow in the 2004 biopic The
Aviator.[96] Stefani also dyed her hair blue in 1998[93] and pink in 2000,[97]
appearing on the cover of Return of Saturn with pink hair.
In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of Michelle Pfeiffer's
character in the 1983 film Scarface.[3] The reinvented image included a symbol
consisting of two back-to-back G's, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she
wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of The Sweet
Escape.[32] Stefani raised concerns in January 2007 about her rapid weight loss
following her pregnancy. She stated she lost the weight through diet and
exercise but admitted to obsessing over her weight due to the size zero
trend.[98] She later stated that she had been on a diet since the sixth grade to
fit in size 4 clothing, commenting, "It's an ongoing battle and it's a
nightmare. But I like clothes too much, and I always wanted to wear the outfits
I would make."[99] A wax figure of Stefani was unveiled at Madame Tussauds Las
Vegas at The Venetian on September 22, 2010.[100]
Influences
Stefani has been influenced by and compared to pop singer Madonna. In 2007 she
told Elle magazine, "A lot of my influence came from her early work, like
directly, like a Xerox."[101] However, Madonna told a reporter that Stefani was
a copycat and said that "[s]he ripped me off", to which Stefani responded, "Some
people say that I copy her. But show me one girl my age who was not influenced
by her."[102] She has been referred to as "the new Madonna" by publications such
as The Hollywood Reporter and People.[103] Some critics also saw the 1980s music
style of Love. Angel. Music. Baby. as another way which Stefani was imitating
the singer.[103]
Harajuku Girls
The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of
four Harajuku Girls, named for the area around the Harajuku Station of Tokyo,
Japan. Stefani treats the back-up dancers, who appear in outfits influenced by
Gothic Lolita fashion,[104] as a figment of her imagination. Stefani's clothing
also took influence from Japanese fashion, in a style described as a combination
between Christian Dior and Japan.[48] The dancers are featured in her music
videos, press coverage, and on the album cover for Love. Angel. Music. Baby.,
with a song named for and dedicated to them on the album. They were also
featured in, and the namesake for, Stefani's Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.
Philanthropy
Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, Stefani donated $1 million to
Save the Children's Japan Earthquake–Tsunami Children in Emergency Fund.[105]
Stefani also ran an auction on eBay from April 11 to April 25, 2011, allowing
participants to bid on vintage clothing items from her personal wardrobe and
custom T-shirts designed and signed by her, as well as on admission to a private
Harajuku-themed tea party hosted by her on June 7, 2011 at Los Angeles'
first-ever Japanese-style maid café and pop art space, Royal/T, with proceeds
from the auction going to Save the Children's relief effort.[106][107] At the
amfAR gala during the 2011 Cannes Film Festival, Stefani auctioned off the lacy
black dress she wore at the event for charity, raising over $125,000.[108] The
dress sparked controversy after a representative for designer Michael Angel—who
helped Stefani with the design and worked as a stylist—alleged that it was Angel
who created the gown, not Stefani.[108][109][110] In response, Angel released an
statement confirming that the dress was designed by Stefani for L.A.M.B. to wear
and be auctioned off at the amfAR gala, adding, "I'm disappointed that the focus
has shifted away from what Gwen and I originally intended, which was to create a
custom outfit for a great cause. We both were thrilled with the outcome and
enjoyed the process. I have nothing but respect for her and look forward to
working with her on more projects in the future."[111]
Discography
Solo albums
Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (2004)
The Sweet Escape (2006)
Tours
Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005 (2005)
The Sweet Escape Tour (2007)
Filmography
2001 King of the Hill Herself (with No Doubt)
2001 Zoolander Herself
2004 The Aviator Jean Harlow
2009 Gossip Girl Snowed Out lead singer (with No Doubt)
See also
List of awards and nominations received by Gwen Stefani
No Doubt discography
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