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Shirley
Jane Temple (born April 23, 1928), later known as
Shirley Temple Black, is an American film actress
and diplomat who is considered by many to be the
most famous child actress in history.
Born in
humble origins in Santa Monica, California, one of
her first film roles was in Bright Eyes, for which
she won a special Academy Award. It was in that film
that she sang "On the Good Ship Lollipop"; though
she often sang in her films, that was probably her
most famous song. She subsequently starred in many
films including Heidi, Poor Little Rich Girl,
Dimples, The Little Colonel, Rebecca of Sunnybrook
Farm, and Curly Top. By the mid-1930s she was the
biggest box-office attraction in motion pictures,
and the success of her films may have saved more
than one major studio from bankruptcy during the
Great Depression.
The
role of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz, played by Judy
Garland, was originally intended for her.
She
also appeared at the 1998 Academy Awards.
Temple
retired from film acting in her early twenties after
appearing in such successful films such as Since You
Went Away, Fort Apache, and The Bachelor and the
Bobby-Soxer. Later appearances on television did not
prove as popular as her films.
Temple
was married first to actor John Agar; she was then
17 and though they had one daughter, the marriage
soon ended in divorce. She married the California
businessman Charles Alden Black in 1950; they had
two children. She may have looked favorably on his
admission while dating that he had never seen any of
her films.
She
subsequently became involved in Republican Party
politics under her married name, unsuccessfully
entering a Congressional race in 1967. She went on
to hold several diplomatic posts, representing the
United States in the United Nations in 1969-70 and
as America's delegate to many international
conferences and summits. She was also appointed
American ambassador to Ghana (1974-1976) and
Czechoslovakia (1989). In 1976, she became the first
female Chief of Protocol of the United States which
put in her charge of all State Department
ceremonies, visits, gifts to foreign leaders and
co-ordination of protocol issues with all US
embassies and consultates. She also served on the
board of directors of some large enterprises
including Disney, Del Monte, Bancal Tri-State and
Fireman's Fund Insurance. She received Kennedy
Center Honors in 1998.
Her
non-profit board appointments included the Institute
for International Studies at Stanford University,
the Council on Foreign Relations, the Council of
American Ambassadors, and the World Affairs Council,
the United States Commission for UNESCO, the
National Committee on U.S. - China Relations, the
United Nations Association and the U.S. Citizen's
Space TaskForce.
Mrs.
Black received honorary doctorates from Santa Clara
University and Lehigh University, a Fellowship from
College of Notre Dame, and a Chubb Fellowship from
Yale University.
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URL of Original Article:
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Date Article Copied:
July 8, 2005
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