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Jackie Chan, SBS, MBE[2]
(born Chan Kong-sang, 陳港生;
7 April 1954) is a Hong Kong[3] actor, action choreographer, comedian, director,
producer, martial artist, screenwriter, entrepreneur, singer and stunt
performer. In his movies, he is known for his acrobatic fighting style, comic
timing, use of improvised weapons, and innovative stunts. Jackie Chan has been
acting since the 1960s and has appeared in over 100 films.
Chan has received stars on the Hong
Kong Avenue of Stars and the Hollywood Walk of Fame. As a cultural icon, Chan
has been referenced in various pop songs, cartoons, and video games. An
operatically trained vocalist, Chan is also a Cantopop and Mandopop star, having
released a number of albums and sung many of the theme songs for the films in
which he has starred.
****
Background Information
Chinese name
成龍
(Traditional)
Chinese name
成龙
(Simplified)
Pinyin Chéng Lóng (Mandarin)
Jyutping Sing4 Lung4 (Cantonese)
Birth name Chan Kong-sang
陳港生
(Traditional)
陈港生
(Simplified)
Chén Gǎngshēng
(Mandarin)
Can4 Gong2 Sang1 (Cantonese)
Ancestry Linzi, Shandong, China
Origin Hong Kong
Born 7 April 1954 (1954-04-07) (age
57)
Victoria Peak, Hong Kong
Other name(s)
房仕龍
(Fong Si-lung)
元樓
(Yuen Lou)
大哥
(Big Brother)
Occupation Actor, martial artist,
director, producer, screenwriter, action choreographer, singer, stunt director,
stunt performer
Genre(s) Cantopop, Mandopop, Hong
Kong English pop, J-pop
Years active 1962–present
Spouse(s) Lin Feng-jiao
(1982–present)
Children Jaycee Chan (born 1982)
Parents Charles and Lee-Lee Chan
Influences Bruce Lee
Buster Keaton
Harold Lloyd
Jim Carrey
****
Early
life
Chan was born on 7 April
1954, in Hong Kong, China, as Chan Kong-sang, to Charles and Lee-Lee Chan,
refugees from the Chinese Civil War. He was nicknamed Paopao (Chinese:
炮炮,
literally meaning "Cannonball") because the high-energy child was always rolling
around.[4] Since his parents worked for the French Consul to Hong Kong, Chan
spent his formative years within the grounds of the consul's residence in the
Victoria Peak district.[5]
Chan attended the Nah-Hwa Primary
School on Hong Kong Island, where he failed his first year, after which his
parents withdrew him from the school. In 1960, his father immigrated to
Canberra, Australia, to work as the head cook for the American embassy, and Chan
was sent to the China Drama Academy, a Peking Opera School run by Master Yu
Jim-yuen.[5][6] Chan trained rigorously for the next decade, excelling in
martial arts and acrobatics.[7] He eventually became part of the Seven Little
Fortunes, a performance group made up of the school's best students, gaining the
stage name Yuen Lo in homage to his master. Chan became close friends with
fellow group members Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao, the three of them later to be
known as the Three Brothers or Three Dragons.[8]
At the age of 8, he appeared
with some of his fellow "Little Fortunes", in the film Big and Little Wong Tin
Bar (1962), with Li Li Hua playing his mother. Chan appeared with Li again the
following year, in The Love Eterne (1963) and had a small role in King Hu's 1966
film, Come Drink with Me.[9] In 1971, after an appearance as an extra in another
Kong Fu film, A Touch of Zen, Chan began his adult career in the film industry,
initially signing to Chu Mu's Great Earth Film Company.[10] At the age of 17, he
worked as a stuntman in the Bruce Lee films Fist of Fury and Enter the Dragon
under the stage name Chan Yuen Lung (Chinese:
陳元龍).[11]
He received his first starring role later that year, in Little Tiger of Canton,
which had a limited release in Hong Kong in 1973.[12] Due to the commercial
failures in his early ventures into films and trouble finding stunt work, in
1975 Chan starred in a comedic adult film, All in the Family, which features
Jackie Chan's first and possibly only nude sex scene filmed to date. It is also
the only film he has made to date that did not feature a single fight scene or
stunt sequence.[13]
Chan joined his parents in
Canberra in 1976, where he briefly attended Dickson College and worked as a
construction worker.[14] A fellow builder named Jack took Chan under his wing,
earning Chan the nickname of "Little Jack" which was later shortened to "Jackie"
and the name Jackie Chan stuck with him ever since.[15] In addition, in the late
90s, Chan changed his Chinese name to Fong Si-lung (Chinese:
房仕龍),
since his father's original surname was Fong.[15]
Film
career
Early
exploits: 1976–1979
In 1976, Jackie Chan received
a telegram from Willie Chan, a film producer in the Hong Kong film industry who
had been impressed with Jackie's stuntwork. Willie Chan offered him an acting
role in a film directed by Lo Wei. Lo had seen Chan's performance in the John
Woo film Hand of Death (1976) and planned to model him after Bruce Lee with the
film New Fist of Fury.[10] His stage name was changed to Sing Lung (Chinese:
成龍,
also transcribed as Cheng Long,[16] literally "become the dragon") to emphasise
his similarity to Bruce Lee, whose stage name was Lei Siu-lung (Chinese:
李小龍,
meaning "Little Dragon"). The film was unsuccessful because Chan was not
accustomed to Lee's martial arts style. Despite the film's failure, Lo Wei
continued producing films with similar themes, resulting in little improvement
at the box office.[17]
Chan's first major breakthrough was
the 1978 film Snake in the Eagle's Shadow, shot while he was loaned to Seasonal
Film Corporation under a two-picture deal.[18] Under director Yuen Woo-ping,
Chan was allowed complete freedom over his stunt work. The film established the
comedic kung fu genre, and proved to be a breath of fresh air for the Hong Kong
audience.[19] Chan then starred in Drunken Master, which finally propelled him
to mainstream success.[20]
Upon Chan's return to Lo Wei's
studio, Lo tried to replicate the comedic approach of Drunken Master, producing
Half a Loaf of Kung Fu and Spiritual Kung Fu.[15] He also gave Chan the
opportunity to co-direct The Fearless Hyena with Kenneth Tsang. When Willie Chan
left the company, he advised Jackie to decide for himself whether or not to stay
with Lo Wei. During the shooting of Fearless Hyena Part II, Chan broke his
contract and joined Golden Harvest, prompting Lo to blackmail Chan with triads,
blaming Willie for his star's departure. The dispute was resolved with the help
of fellow actor and director Jimmy Wang Yu, allowing Chan to stay with Golden
Harvest.[21]
Success
of the action comedy genre: 1980–1987
Willie Chan had become Jackie's
personal manager and firm friend, and has remained so for over 30 years. He was
instrumental in launching Chan's international career, beginning with his first
forays into the American film industry in the 1980s. His first Hollywood film
was Battle Creek Brawl in 1980. Chan then played a minor role in the 1981 film
The Cannonball Run, which grossed US$100 million worldwide. Despite being
largely ignored by audiences in favour of established American actors like Burt
Reynolds, Chan was impressed by the outtakes shown at the closing credits,
inspiring him to include the same device in his future films.
After the commercial failure of The
Protector in 1985, Chan temporarily abandoned his attempts to break into the US
market, returning his focus to Hong Kong films.[17]
Back in Hong Kong, Chan's films
began to reach a larger audience in East Asia, with early successes in the
lucrative Japanese market including The Young Master (1980) and Dragon Lord
(1982). The Young Master went on to beat previous box office records set by
Bruce Lee and established Chan as Hong Kong cinema's top star. With Dragon Lord,
he began experimenting with elaborate stunt action sequences,[22] including a
pyramid fight scene that holds the record for the most takes for a single scene
with 2900 takes,[23] and the final fight scene where he performs various stunts,
including one where he does a back flip off a loft and falls to the lower
ground.[24]
Chan produced a number of action
comedy films with his opera school friends Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao. The three
co-starred together for the first time in 1983 in Project A, which introduced a
dangerous stunt-driven style of martial arts that won it the Best Action Design
Award at the third annual Hong Kong Film Awards.[25] Over the following two
years, the "Three Brothers" appeared in Wheels on Meals and the original Lucky
Stars trilogy.[26][27] In 1985, Chan made the first Police Story film, a
US-influenced action comedy in which Chan performed a number of dangerous
stunts. It was named the "Best Film" at the 1986 Hong Kong Film Awards.[28] In
1987, Chan played "Asian Hawk," an Indiana Jones-esque character, in the film
Armour of God. The film was Chan's biggest domestic box office success up to
that point, grossing over HK $35 million.[29]
Acclaimed sequels and Hollywood breakthrough: 1988–1998
In 1988 Chan starred alongside
Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao for the last time to date, in the film Dragons Forever.
Hung co-directed with Corey Yuen, and the villain in the film was played by Yuen
Wah, both of whom were fellow graduates of the China Drama Academy.
In the late 1980s and early 90s,
Chan starred in a number of successful sequels beginning with Police Story 2,
which won the award for Best Action Choreography at the 1989 Hong Kong Film
Awards. This was followed by Armour of God II: Operation Condor, and Police
Story 3: Super Cop, for which Chan won the Best Actor Award at the 1993 Golden
Horse Film Festival. In 1994, Chan reprised his role as Wong Fei-hung in Drunken
Master II, which was listed in Time Magazine's All-Time 100 Movies.[30] Another
sequel, Police Story 4: First Strike, brought more awards and domestic box
office success for Chan, but did not fare as well in foreign markets.[31] Jackie
Chan rekindled his Hollywood ambitions in the 1990s, but refused early offers to
play villains in Hollywood films to avoid being typecast in future roles. For
example, Sylvester Stallone offered him the role of Simon Phoenix, a criminal in
the futuristic film Demolition Man. Chan declined and the role was taken by
Wesley Snipes.[32]
Chan finally succeeded in
establishing a foothold in the North American market in 1995 with a worldwide
release of Rumble in the Bronx, attaining a cult following in the United States
that was rare for Hong Kong movie stars.[33] The success of Rumble in the Bronx
led to a 1996 release of Police Story 3: Super Cop in the United States under
the title Supercop, which grossed a total of US $16,270,600. Jackie's first huge
blockbuster success came when he co-starred with Chris Tucker in the 1998 buddy
cop action comedy Rush Hour,[34] grossing US$130 million in the United States
alone.[21] This film made a star of Jackie Chan, in Hollywood. As a publicity
stunt, Jackie also wrote his autobiography in collaboration with Jeff Yang
entitled I Am Jackie Chan.
Fame in
Hollywood and Dramatization: 1999–2007
In 1998, Chan released his final
film for Golden Harvest, Who Am I? After leaving Golden Harvest in 1999, he
produced and starred alongside Shu Qi in Gorgeous a romantic comedy that focused
on personal relationships and featured only a few martial arts sequences.[35]
Chan then helped create a PlayStation game in 2000 called Jackie Chan
Stuntmaster, to which he lent his voice and performed the motion capture.[36] He
continued his Hollywood success in 2000 when he teamed up with Owen Wilson in
the Western action comedy Shanghai Noon which was also a box office success and
spawned the sequel Shanghai Knights (2003). He reunited with Chris Tucker for
Rush Hour 2 (2001) which was an even bigger success than the original and
experimented with special effects with The Tuxedo (2002) and The Medallion
(2003). Despite the success of these films Chan became frustrated with Hollywood
over the limited range of roles and lack of control over the film-making
process.[37] In response to Golden Harvest's withdrawal from the film industry
in 2003, Chan started his own film production company, JCE Movies Limited
(Jackie Chan Emperor Movies Limited) in association with Emperor Multimedia
Group (EMG).[21] His films have since featured an increasing number of dramatic
scenes while continuing to succeed at the box office; examples include New
Police Story (2004), The Myth (2005) and the hit film Rob-B-Hood
(2006).[38][39][40]
Chan's next release was the third
installment in the Rush Hour series: Rush Hour 3 in August 2007. It grossed
US$255 million.[41] However, it was a disappointment in Hong Kong, grossing only
HK$3.5 million during its opening weekend.[42]
New experiments and change in
style: 2008–presentAs Chan had stated years before, there would be a point in
his life in which he would have to be modernized and use special effects, and
try new different things than martial arts flicks.[citation needed] This
began[citation needed] in 2007, with the filming of The Forbidden Kingdom
(released in 2008), Chan's first onscreen collaboration with fellow Chinese
actor Jet Li, which was completed on 24 August 2007 and the film was released in
April 2008. The film featured heavy use of effects and wires.[43][44] Chan
voiced the character Master Monkey in the DreamWorks Animation film, Kung Fu
Panda, released in June 2008, appearing with stars Jack Black, Dustin Hoffman
and Angelina Jolie.[45] In addition, he has assisted Anthony Szeto in an
advisory capacity for the writer-director's film Wushu, released on 1 May 2008.
The film stars Sammo Hung and Wang Wenjie as father and son.[46]
In November 2007, Chan began
filming Shinjuku Incident, a dramatic role featuring no martial arts sequences
with director Derek Yee, which sees Chan take on the role of a Chinese immigrant
in Japan.[47] The film was released on 2 April 2009. According to his blog, Chan
discussed his wishes to direct a film after completing Shinjuku Incident,
something he has not done for a number of years.[48] The film is expected to be
the third in the Armour of God series, and has a working title of Armour of God
III: Chinese Zodiac. Chan originally stated that he would start filming on 1
April 2008, but that date had passed and the current state of the film is
unknown.[49] Because the Screen Actors Guild did not go on strike, Chan started
shooting his next Hollywood movie The Spy Next Door at the end of October in New
Mexico.[50] In The Spy Next Door, Chan plays an undercover agent whose cover is
blown when he looks after the children of his girlfriend. In Little Big Soldier,
Chan stars, alongside Leehom Wang in a non-martial arts comedy movie based on
the Warring States Period.
On 22 June 2009, Chan left Los
Angeles to begin filming The Karate Kid, a remake of the 1984 original, in
Beijing.[51] The film was released in America on 11 June 2010 and sees Chan's
first dramatic American film. In the film, he plays Mr. Han, a kung fu master
and maintenance man who teaches Jaden Smith's character, Dre, kung-fu so he can
defend himself from school bullies. In Chan's next movie, Shaolin, he plays the
cook of the temple instead of one of the major characters.
Jackie Chan's 100th film 1911 was
released on 26 September 2011. He is the co-director, executive producer, and
lead star of the movie.[52] While Chan has directed over ten films over his
career, this is his first directorial work in over ten years, since Jackie
Chan's Who Am I? in 1998. 1911 premiered in North America on October 14.[53]
Jackie Chan won the Favorite
Buttkicker award at the Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards in 2011 for The Karate
Kid.[54]
Stunts
Jackie Chan has performed most of
his own stunts throughout his film career, which are choreographed by the Jackie
Chan Stunt Team. He has stated in interviews that the primary inspiration for
his more comedic stunts were films such as The General directed by and starring
Buster Keaton, who was also known to perform his own stunts. Since its
establishment in 1983, Chan has used the team in all his subsequent films to
make choreographing easier, given his understanding of each member's
abilities.[55] Chan and his team undertake many of the stunts performed by other
characters in his films, shooting the scenes so that their faces are
obscured.[56]
The dangerous nature of his stunts
makes it difficult for Chan to get insurance, especially in the United States,
where his stunt work is contractually limited.[56] Chan holds the Guinness World
Record for "Most Stunts By A Living Actor", which emphasizes "no insurance
company will underwrite Chan's productions, in which he performs all his own
stunts".[57] In addition, he holds an unrecognised record for the most number of
takes for a single shot in a film, having shot over 2900 retakes for a complex
scene involving a Jianzi game in Dragon Lord.[58]
Chan has been injured numerous
times attempting stunts; many of them have been shown as outtakes or as bloopers
during the closing credits of his films. He came closest to death filming Armour
of God, when he fell from a tree and fractured his skull. Over the years, Chan
has dislocated his pelvis and broken his fingers, toes, nose, both cheekbones,
hips, sternum, neck, ankle and ribs on numerous occasions.[59][60] Promotional
materials for Rumble in the Bronx emphasized that Chan performed all of the
stunts, and one version of the movie poster even diagrammed his many injuries.
Filmography and screen persona
Jackie Chan created his screen
persona as a response to Bruce Lee, and the numerous imitators who appeared
before and after Lee's death. In contrast to Lee's characters, who were
typically stern, morally upright heroes, Chan plays well-meaning, slightly
foolish regular guys (often at the mercy of their friends, girlfriends or
families) who always triumph in the end despite the odds.[15] Additionally, Chan
has stated that he deliberately styles his movement to be the opposite of Lee's:
where Lee held his arms wide, Chan holds his tight to the body; where Lee was
loose and flowing, Chan is tight and choppy. Despite the success of the Rush
Hour series, Chan has stated that he is not a fan of it since he neither
appreciates the action scenes in the movie, nor understands American humour.[61]
In recent years, the aging Chan
grew tired of being typecast as an action hero, prompting him to act with more
emotion in his latest films.[62] In New Police Story, he portrayed a character
suffering from alcoholism and mourning his murdered colleagues.[63] To further
shed the image of Mr. Nice Guy, Chan played an anti-hero for the first time in
Rob-B-Hood starring as Thongs, a burglar with gambling problems.[64]
Television work
In 2000, Chan hosted a
fictionalized version of himself in the animated series Jackie Chan Adventures,
which ran until 2005.[65]
In July 2008, the BTV reality
television series entitled The Disciple (simplified Chinese:
龙的传人;
traditional Chinese: 龍的傳人,
lit. "Disciple of the Dragon") concluded. The series was produced by, and
featured Jackie Chan. The aim of the program was to find a new star, skilled in
acting and martial arts, to become Chan's "successor" and student in filmmaking.
Contestants were trained by Jackie Chan Stunt Team members Alan Wu and He Jun
and competed in various fields, including explosion scenes, high-altitude
wire-suspension, gunplay, car stunts, diving, obstacles courses etc. The regular
judges on the program were He Ping, Wu Yue and Cheng Pei Pei. Guest judges
include Stanley Tong, Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao. The "Finals" began on 5 April
2008, with 16 contestants remaining, and concluded on 26 June 2008. Amongst
those in attendance were Tsui Hark, John Woo, Ng See Yuen and Yu Rongguang.
The winner of the series was Jack
Tu (Tu Sheng Cheng). Along with runners up Yang Zheng and Jerry Liau, Tu is now
set to star in three modern Chinese action films, one of which was scripted by
Chan, and all three will be co-produced by Chan and his company JCE Movies
Limited. The films will be entitled Speedpost 206, Won't Tell You and Tropical
Tornado and will be directed by Xie Dong, Jiang Tao and Cai Rong Hui. All 16
finalists will be given the opportunity to work on the films, or to join the
Jackie Chan Stunt Team. Production on the first film is due to begin in
September 2008. In addition, the finalists will be given roles in a forthcoming
BTV action series.[66][67][68]
Music
career
Jackie Chan had vocal lessons
whilst at the Peking Opera School in his childhood. He began producing records
professionally in the 1980s and has gone on to become a successful singer in
Hong Kong and Asia. He has released 20 albums since 1984 and has performed
vocals in Cantonese, Mandarin, Japanese, Taiwanese and English. He often sings
the theme songs of his films, which play over the closing credits. Chan's first
musical recording was "Kung Fu Fighting Man", the theme song played over the
closing credits of The Young Master (1980).[69] At least 10 of these recordings
have been released on soundtrack albums for the films.[63][70] His Cantonese
song Story of a Hero (英雄故事)
(theme song of Police Story) was selected by the Royal Hong Kong Police and
incorporated into their recruitment advertisement in 1994.[71]
Chan voiced the character of Shang
in the Chinese release of the Walt Disney animated feature, Mulan (1998). He
also performed the song "I'll Make a Man Out of You", for the film's soundtrack.
For the US release, the speaking voice was performed by B.D. Wong and the
singing voice was done by Donny Osmond.
In 2007, Chan recorded and released
the song "We Are Ready", the official one-year countdown song to the 2008 Summer
Olympics. He performed the song at a ceremony marking the one-year countdown to
the 2008 Summer Paralympics.[72]
The day before the Beijing Olympics
opened, Chan released one of the two official Olympics albums, Official Album
for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games – Jackie Chan's Version, which featured a
number of special guest appearances.[73] Chan, along with Andy Lau, Liu Huan and
Wakin (Emil) Chau, performed "Hard to Say Goodbye", the farewell song for the
2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony.[74]
Image
and celebrity status
Jackie Chan has received worldwide
recognition for his acting, having won several awards including an Innovator
Award from the American Choreography Awards and a lifetime achievement award
from the Taurus World Stunt Awards.[75] He has stars on the Hollywood Walk of
Fame and the Hong Kong Avenue of Stars.[76] Despite considerable box office
success in The Northsouth Territories, Chan's American films have been
criticised with regard to the action choreography. Reviewers of Rush Hour 2, The
Tuxedo, and Shanghai Knights criticised the toning down of Chan's fighting
scenes, citing less intensity compared to his earlier films.[77][78][79] The
comedic value of his films is questioned; some critics stated it can be childish
at times.[80]
Chan is a cultural icon, having
been referenced in Ash's song "Kung Fu", Heavy Vegetable's "Jackie Chan Is a
Punk Rocker", Leehom Wang's "Long Live Chinese People", as well as in "Jackie
Chan" by Frank Chickens, and television shows Celebrity Deathmatch and Family
Guy. He has been the inspiration for manga such as Dragon Ball (including a
character with the alias "Jackie Chun"),[81] the character Lei Wulong in Tekken
and the fighting-type Pokémon Hitmonchan.[82][83][84] In addition, Jackie Chan
has a sponsorship deal with Mitsubishi Motors. As a result, Mitsubishi cars can
be found in a number of Jackie Chan films. Furthermore, Mitsubishi honoured Chan
by launching Evolution, a limited series of cars which he personally
customised.[85][86][87]
A number of video games have
featured Jackie Chan. Before Stuntmaster, Chan already had a game of his own,
Jackie Chan's Action Kung Fu, released in 1990 for the PC-Engine and NES. In
1995, Chan was featured in the arcade fighting game Jackie Chan The Kung-Fu
Master. In addition, a series of Japanese Jackie Chan games were released on the
MSX by Pony, based on several of his films (Project A, Project A 2, Police
Story, The Protector and Wheels On Meals).[88]
Chan has always wanted to be a role
model to children, remaining popular with them due to his good-natured acting
style. He has refused to play villains and has almost never used the word "f*ck"
in his films (He's only said that word in two films, The Protector and Burn,
Hollywood, Burn), but in Rush Hour, in an attempt to be "cool" and imitate his
partner Carter, who said "What's up, my nigga?" to a club of black men, he said
the same thing when Carter was in another room and they all attacked him, so he
had to pull out his fighting skills to beat them down and escape.[89] Chan's
greatest regret in life is not having received proper education,[90] inspiring
him to fund educational institutions around the world. He funded the
construction of the Jackie Chan Science Centre at the Australian National
University[91] and the establishment of schools in poor regions of China.[92]
Chan is a spokesperson for the
Government of Hong Kong, appearing in public service announcements. In a Clean
Hong Kong commercial, he urged the people of Hong Kong to be more considerate
with regards to littering, a problem that has been widespread for decades.[93]
Furthermore, in an advertisement promoting nationalism, he gave a short
explanation of the March of the Volunteers, the national anthem of the People's
Republic of China.[94] When Hong Kong Disneyland opened in 2005, Chan
participated in the opening ceremony.[95] In the United States, Chan appeared
alongside Arnold Schwarzenegger in a government advert to combat copyright
infringement and made another public service announcement with Los Angeles
County Sheriff Lee Baca to encourage people, especially Asians, to join the Los
Angeles County Sheriff's Department.[96][97]
Construction has begun on a Jackie
Chan museum in Shanghai. Work began in July 2008, and although it was scheduled
to be completed on October 2009, construction continues as of January 2010.[98]
Controversies
During a news conference in
Shanghai on 28 March 2004, Chan referred to the recently concluded Republic of
China presidential election, 2004 in Taiwan, in which Democratic Progressive
Party candidates Chen Shui-bian and Annette Lu were re-elected as President and
Vice-President as "the biggest joke in the world."[99] Chan's comments were
criticized by Parris Chang, a Taiwanese legislator and senior member of the DPP,
who called for the government of Taiwan to take punitive steps against Chan for
his comments, such as banning his movies and barring him the right to visit
Taiwan.[100] Some 50 police and security personnel were required to separate
protesters from Chan, as they were attempting to spit at him when he arrived at
Taipei airport for a charity sponsored by cable TV channel TVBS on 18 June
2008.[101] Chan insisted that his remarks were not intended to insult the people
of Taiwan.[102]
Referring to his participation in
the torch relay for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Chan spoke out against
demonstrators who disrupted the relay several times attempting to draw attention
to a wide-ranging number of grievances against the Chinese government, including
China's human rights record and the political status of Taiwan. He warned that
he would lash out against anyone planning to stop him from carrying the Olympic
Torch, saying, "Demonstrators better not get anywhere near me." In addition,
Chan felt that the protesters were publicity seekers. "They are doing it for no
reason. They just want to show off on the TV," he said. "They know, 'if I can
get the torch, I can go on the TV for the world news'." Chan felt the country
was trying to improve and the Olympics is a chance for the country to open up
and learn from the outside world and vice versa. "We are not right about
everything. Things are getting better in China but we can change and are
changing. We want to learn from the rest of the world as well as teach others
about our ways and our culture."[103]
On 18 April 2009, during a panel
discussion at the annual Boao Forum for Asia titled "Tapping into Asia's
Creative Industry Potential," Chan said "...in the 10 years after Hong Kong's
return to Chinese rule, I can gradually see, I'm not sure if it's good to have
freedom or not."[104] Chan went on to say, "If you're too free, you're like the
way Hong Kong is now. It's very chaotic. Taiwan is also chaotic." He also added,
"I'm gradually beginning to feel that we Chinese need to be controlled. If we're
not being controlled, we'll just do what we want." Chan however complained about
the quality of Chinese goods, saying, "...a Chinese TV might explode."[105] but
refrained from criticizing the Chinese government for banning his 2009 film
Shinjuku Incident.[106] Chan's comments prompted an angry response from some
legislators and other prominent figures in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Hong Kong
Legislator Leung Kwok-hung said that Chan "insulted the Chinese people. Chinese
people aren't pets."[107] The Hong Kong Tourism Board stated that it had
received 164 comments and complaints from the public over Chan's remarks.[108] A
spokesman for Chan told reporters that the actor was referring to freedom in the
entertainment industry rather than Chinese society at large and that certain
people with "ulterior motives deliberately misinterpreted what he said."[109]
On 24 August 2010, Jackie Chan
tweeted about the botched rescue operation on the Manila hostage crisis that
left 8 Hong Kong tourists dead. Although saddened by the news, he also tweeted
"If they killed the guy sooner, they will say why not negotiate first? If they
negotiate first, they ask why not kill the guy sooner?"[110][111][112][113]
Chan's comments caused outrage in Hong Kong. Several anti-Jackie Chan groups
were set up on Facebook with tens of thousands of supporters. Some fellow actors
and directors told local newspapers that they were also upset by his remarks.
Chan reportedly has business interests in the Philippines. He issued a statement
on 27 August 2010 apologizing for his comments and claiming that his assistant
who helped him post the tweets had misunderstood the meaning of his original
message.[114]
Entrepreneurship and philanthropy
In addition to his film production
and distribution company, JCE Movies Limited, Jackie Chan also owns or co-owns
the production companies JC Group China, Jackie & Willie Productions[115] (with
Willie Chan) and Jackie & JJ Productions.[116]
Chan has also put his name to
Jackie Chan Theater International, a cinema chain in China, co-ran by Hong Kong
company Sparkle Roll Group Ltd. The first—Jackie Chan-Yaolai International
Cinema—opened in February 2010, and is claimed to be the largest cinema complex
in China, with 17 screens and 3,500 seats. Chan expressed his hopes that the
size of the venue would afford young, non-commercial directors the opportunity
to have their films screened. 15 further cinemas in the chain are planned for
2010, throughout Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, with a potential total of 65
cinemas throughout the country proposed.[117][118]
In 2004, Chan launched his own line
of clothing, which bears a Chinese dragon logo and the English word "Jackie", or
the initials "JC".[119] Chan also has a number of other branded businesses. His
sushi restaurant chain, Jackie's Kitchen, has outlets throughout Hong Kong, as
well as seven in South Korea and one in Hawaii, with plans to open another in
Las Vegas. Jackie Chan's Cafe has outlets in Beijing, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur
and the Philippines. Other ventures include Jackie Chan Signature Club gyms (a
partnership with California Fitness), and a line of chocolates, cookies and
nutritional oatcakes. He also hopes to expand into furniture and kitchenware,
and is also considering a branded supermarket.[120] With each of his businesses,
a percentage of the profits goes to various charities, including the Jackie Chan
Charitable Foundation.
Chan is a keen philanthropist and a
UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador, having worked tirelessly to champion charitable
works and causes. He has campaigned for conservation, against animal abuse and
has promoted disaster relief efforts for floods in mainland China and the 2004
Indian Ocean Tsunami.[6][121][122] In June 2006, he announced the donation of
half his assets to charity upon his death, citing his admiration of the effort
made by Warren Buffett and Bill Gates to help those in need.[123] On 10 March
2008, Chan was the guest of honour for the launch, by Australian Prime Minister
Kevin Rudd, of the Jackie Chan Science Centre at the John Curtin School of
Medical Research, Australian National University in Canberra. Jackie Chan is
also a supporter of the Save China's Tigers project which aims at saving the
endangered South China Tiger through breeding and releasing them into the wild;
he is currently an ambassador for this conservation project.[124] Chan has many
historic artifacts, such as old door frames from 2000 years ago. He also owns
the Jinricksha Station in Singapore.
In April 2008, Jackie Chan was
invited for the audio launch of an Indian film, entitled Dasavathaaram (2008) in
Chennai (Madras), where he shared the dais with Indian celebrities, including
Amitabh Bachchan, Mammootty and Kamal Hassan. Though he did not understand a
word of Tamil, Chan was touched by the Indian community's love for him and his
films, and was impressed with the movie Dasavathaaram, expressing a keen
interest in working with the star of the film, Kamal Hassan. Hassan himself
reciprocated the desire to work with the action superstar, urging Chan to keep
his promise of working with him on a possible film project.
Following the 2008 Sichuan
earthquake, Chan donated RMB ¥10 million to help those in need. In addition, he
is planning to make a film about the Chinese earthquake to raise money for
survivors.
In response to the 2011 Tōhoku
earthquake and tsunami, Jackie Chan and fellow Hong Kong-based celebrities,
including American rapper Jin, headlined a special three-hour charity concert,
titled Artistes 311 Love Beyond Borders, on 1 April 2011 to help with Japan's
disaster recovery effort,[125] where Jackie Chan addressed the victims of the
earthquake and tsunami by saying: "You will not be alone, we will be by your
side".[126] The concert raised over $3.3 million dollars in just three hours for
disaster relief.[127]
Chan also holds guest lectures at
the Shanghai Institute of Visual Art of Fudan University, Shanghai.
The
Jackie Chan Charitable Foundation
Founded in 1988, the Jackie Chan
Charitable Foundation offers scholarships and active help to Hong Kong's young
people through a variety of worthy causes. Over the years, the foundation has
broadened its scope to include provision of medical services, aid to victims of
natural disaster or illness, and projects where the major beneficiaries are Hong
Kong people or organizations. Major donation projects of The Jackie Chan
Charitable Foundation:
The Jackie Chan Gymnasium at
Lingnan University
The Jackie Chan Challenge Cup
Intercollegiate Invitation Tournament
The Jackie Chan Family Unit, Hong
Kong Girl Guides Association Jockey Club Beas River Lodge
The Jackie Chan Whole Person
Development Center
Renovation of the Bethanie Site,
Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts
Medical Funding in Mainland China
(Operation Smile)[128]
Medical Donation in Hong Kong
(Queen Mary Hospital, SARS Relief)
Support for the Performing Arts
Youth Development Programs
The
Dragon's Heart Foundation
The Dragon's Heart Foundation was
founded in 2005 to fulfill the desperate needs of children and the elderly in
remote areas of China. Since 2005, the Dragon's Heart Foundation has built over
a dozen schools, provided books, fees, and uniforms, and has raised millions of
dollars to give much-needed educational opportunities for the poor. In addition,
the Dragon's Heart Foundation provides for the elderly with donations of warm
clothing, wheelchairs, and other items. Jackie often travels to the remote
locations to attend groundbreakings or school openings, and to lend support and
encouragement.
Awards
and nominations
American Choreography Awards[129]
8th American Choreography Innovator
Awards - Won
Asia-Pacific Film Festival
1993 Asia-Pacific Film Lifetime
Achievement Award - Won
2005 Asia-Pacific Film Special Jury
Award - Won
International Indian Film Academy
Awards
2000 Special Award for Global
Impact - Won
Blockbuster Entertainment Awards
1999 Favorite Duo -
Action/Adventure (for Rush Hour) - Won
2001 Favorite Action Team (for
Shanghai Noon) - Nominated
Cinequest Film Festival
1998 Maverick Spirit Award - Won
Daytime Emmy Awards
2002 Performer In An Animated
Program (for Jackie Chan Adventures) - Nominated
Fant-Asia Film Festival
1997 Best Asian Film (for Drunken
Master II) - Won (shared with Chia-Liang Liu)
Golden Horse Film Festival
1992 Best Actor (for Police Story
3: Super Cop) - Won
1993 Best Actor (for Zhong an zu) -
Won
Golden Phoenix Awards
2005 Outstanding Contribution Award
- Won
Golden Rooster Awards
2005 Best Actor (for New Police
Story) - Won
Hollywood Film Festival
1999 Actor of the Year - Won
Hong Kong Film Awards
1983 Best Action Choreography (for
Dragon Lord) - Nominated (shared with Hark-On Fung and Yuen Kuni)
1985 Best Actor (for Project A) -
Nominated
1986 Best Director (for Police
Story) - Nominated
1986 Best Actor (for Police Story)
- Nominated
1986 Best Actor (for Heart of
Dragon) - Nominated
1989 Best Picture (for Rouge) - Won
1990 Best Actor (for Miracles) -
Nominated
1993 Best Actor (for Supercop) -
Nominated
1994 Best Actor (for Crime Story) -
Nominated
1994 Best Action Choreography (for
Crime Story) - Nominated
1996 Best Actor (for Rumble in the
Bronx) - Nominated
1996 Best Action Choreography (for
Rumble in the Bronx) - Won
1997 Best Actor (for Dragon Lord) -
Nominated
1999 Best Actor (for Who Am I?) -
Nominated
1999 Best Action Choreography (for
Who Am I?) - Won
2000 Best Action Choreography (for
Gorgeous) - Nominated (shared with Jackie Chan Stunt Team)
2005 Best Actor (for New Police
Story) - Nominated
2005 Professional Achievement Award
- Won
2006 Best Original Film Song (for
The Myth) - Nominated (shared with Choi Jun Young, Wang Zhong Yan, and Hee-seon
Kim)
2006 Best Action Choreography (for
The Myth) - Nominated (shared with Stanley Tong, Tak Yuen)
2007 Best Action Choreography (for
Robin-B-Hood) - Nominated (shared with Chung Chi Li)
2010 Best Film (for Shinjuku
Incident) - Nominated
Hundred Flowers Awards
2006 Best Actor (for New Police
Story) - Nominated
Kids' Choice Awards
2002 Favorite Male Movie Star (for
Rush Hour 2) - Nominated
2002 Favorite Male Action Hero (for
Rush Hour 2) - Won
2003 Favorite Movie Actor (for The
Tuxedo) - Nominated
2003 Favorite Male Butt Kicker (for
The Tuxedo) - Won
2011 Favorite Butt Kicker (for The
Karate Kid) - Won
Montreal World Film Festival
Grand Prix des Amériques - Won
MTV Movie Awards
1995 Lifetime Achievement Award -
Won
1996 Best Fight (for Rumble in the
Bronx) - Nominated
1997 Best Fight (for Police Story
4: First Strike) - Nominated
1999 Best Fight (for Rush Hour) -
Nominated (shared with Chris Tucker)
1999 Best On-Screen Duo (for Rush
Hour) - Won (shared with Chris Tucker)
2002 Best On-Screen Team (for Rush
Hour 2) - Nominated (shared with Chris Tucker)
2002 Best Fight (for Rush Hour 2) -
Won (shared with Chris Tucker)
2003 Best On-Screen Team (for
Shanghai Knights) - Nominated (shared with Owen Wilson)
2008 Best Fight (for Rush Hour 3) -
Nominated (shared with Chris Tucker and Sun Mingming)
People's Choice Awards
2008 Favorite On Screen Match-up
(for Rush Hour 3) - Nominated (shared with Chris Tucker)
2011 Favorite On-Screen Team (for
The Karate Kid) - Nominated (shared with Jaden Smith)
2011 Favorite Action Star - Won
Shanghai International Film
Festival
2005 Outstanding Contribution to
Chinese Cinema - Won
Teen Choice Awards
2002 Film - Choice Chemistry (for
Rush Hour 2) - Nominated (shared with Chris Tucker)
2008 Choice Movie Actor: Action
Adventure (for The Forbidden Kingdom) - Nominated
Walk of Fame
2002 Motion Picture - Won (Star on
the Walk of Fame)
World Stunt Awards
2002 Taurus Honorary Award - Won
Personal life
In 1982, Jackie Chan married Lin
Feng-Jiao (aka Joan Lin), a Taiwanese actress. That same year, the two had a
son, singer and actor Jaycee Chan.[37] Elaine Ng Yi-Lei had a daughter, Etta, in
1999, and claimed Chan was the father; Chan admitted the affair, but did not
formally acknowledge her as his daughter.[130][131][132] Chan is a
Buddhist.[133][134]
He speaks Cantonese, Mandarin, and
English fluently, and also speaks some German, Korean and Japanese, as well as a
little Spanish.[135]
In 2009, Chan received an honorary
doctorate from the University of Cambodia.[136][137]
See
also
Cinema of Hong Kong
Hong Kong action cinema
Cinema of China
Stunt
Stunt performer
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Retrieved 11 June 2007.
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2005. http://english.sina.com/taiwan_hk/1/2005/0818/42863.html. Retrieved 12
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Retrieved 10 September 2007.
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September 2010.
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99.^ "Taiwan election biggest joke
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100.^ "Taiwan lawmaker calls for
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101.^ "Protestors blast Jackie Chan
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102.^ "Protesters greet Jackie Chan
in Taiwan". ABC News (Australia).
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103.^ "Kung-fu star Jackie Chan to
chop down Olympic protesters". METRO.co.uk. 15 April 2008.
http://www.metro.co.uk/sport/oddballs/143026-kung-fu-star-jackie-chan-to-chop-down-olympic-protestors.
104.^ "Spokesman: Jackie Chan
comments out of context". Yahoo! News.
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105.^ "Jackie Chan: Chinese people
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106.^ "Jackie Chan warns over China
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110.^ "1st Tweet on Hostage Crisis,
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111.^ "2nd Tweet on Hostage Crisis,
EyeOfJackieChan, Jackie Chan's Twitter Page". 24 August 2010.
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112.^ "3rd Tweet on Hostage Crisis,
EyeOfJackieChan, Jackie Chan's Twitter Page". 24 August 2010.
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113.^ "4th Tweet on Hostage Crisis,
EyeOfJackieChan, Jackie Chan's Twitter Page". 24 August 2010.
http://twitter.com/EyeOfJackieChan/status/22058470325.
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Jackie Chan". The JC Group. 27 August 2010.
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118.^ "Jackie Chan plans
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2004. http://jc-news.net/news.php?id=316. Retrieved 15 June 2007.
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像房祖名
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Further reading
Boose, Thorsten; Oettel, Silke.
Hongkong, meine Liebe – Ein spezieller Reiseführer. Shaker Media, 2009. ISBN
978-3-86858-255-0 (German)
Boose, Thorsten. Der deutsche
Jackie Chan Filmführer. Shaker Media, 2008. ISBN 978-3-86858-102-7 (German)
Chan, Jackie, and Jeff Yang. I Am
Jackie Chan: My Life in Action. New York: Ballantine Books, 1999. ISBN
0-345-42913-3. Jackie Chan's autobiography.
Cooper, Richard, and Mike Leeder.
100% Jackie Chan: The Essential Companion. London: Titan Books, 2002. ISBN
1-84023-491-1.
Cooper, Richard. More 100% Jackie
Chan: The Essential Companion Volume 2. London: Titan Books, 2004. ISBN
1-84023-888-7.
Corcoran, John. The Unauthorized
Jackie Chan Encyclopedia: From Project A to Shanghai Noon and Beyond. Chicago:
Contemporary Books, 2003. ISBN 0-07-138899-0.
Fox, Dan. Jackie Chan. Raintree
Freestyle. Chicago, Ill.: Raintree, 2006. ISBN 1-4109-1659-6.
Gentry, Clyde. Jackie Chan: Inside
the Dragon. Dallas, Tex.: Taylor Pub, 1997. ISBN 0-87833-962-0.
Le Blanc, Michelle, and Colin
Odell. The Pocket Essential Jackie Chan. Pocket essentials. Harpenden: Pocket
Essentials, 2000. ISBN 1-903047-10-2.
Major, Wade. Jackie Chan. New York:
Metrobooks, 1999. ISBN 1-56799-863-1.
Moser, Leo. Made in Hong Kong: die
Filme von Jackie Chan. Berlin: Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, 2000. ISBN
3-89602-312-8. (German)
Poolos, Jamie. Jackie Chan. Martial
Arts Masters. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 2002. ISBN 0-8239-3518-3.
Rovin, Jeff, and Kathleen Tracy.
The Essential Jackie Chan Sourcebook. New York: Pocket Books, 1997. ISBN
0-671-00843-9.
Stone, Amy. Jackie Chan. Today's
Superstars: Entertainment. Milwaukee, Wis.: Gareth Stevens Pub, 2007. ISBN
0-8368-7648-2.
Witterstaetter, Renee. Dying for
Action: The Life and Films of Jackie Chan. New York: Warner, 1998. ISBN
0-446-67296-3.
Wong, Curtis F., and John R. Little
(eds.). Jackie Chan and the Superstars of Martial Arts. The Best of Inside
Kung-Fu. Lincolnwood, Ill.: McGraw-Hill, 1998. ISBN 0-8092-2837-8.
****
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