Denzel Hayes Washington Jr.
(born December 28, 1954) is an American actor, screenwriter, director,
and film producer. He first rose to prominence when he joined the cast
of the medical drama, St. Elsewhere, playing Dr. Philip Chandler for six
years. He has received much critical acclaim for his work in film since
the 1990s, including for his portrayals of real-life figures, such as
Steve Biko, Malcolm X, Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, Melvin B. Tolson, Frank
Lucas, and Herman Boone.
Washington has received two Academy
Awards, two Golden Globe awards, and a Tony Award.[1] He is notable for winning
the Best Supporting Actor for Glory in 1989; and the Academy Award for Best
Actor in 2001 for his role in the film Training Day.[2]
Denzel Washington was born in Mount
Vernon, near New York City, on December 28, 1954. His mother, Lennis "Lynne",
was a beauty parlor-owner and operator born in Georgia and partly raised in
Harlem. His father, Reverend Denzel H. Washington, Sr., a native of Buckingham
County, Virginia, served as an ordained Pentecostal minister, and also worked
for the Water Department and a local department store, S. Klein.[3][4][5]
Washington attended grammar school
at Pennington-Grimes Elementary School in Mount Vernon until 1968. When he was
14, his parents' marriage fell apart and his mother sent him to a private
preparatory school, Oakland Military Academy, in New Windsor, New York. "That
decision changed my life," Washington later said, "because I wouldn’t have
survived in the direction I was going. The guys I was hanging out with at the
time, my running buddies, have now done maybe 40 years combined in the
penitentiary. They were nice guys, but the streets got them."[6] After Oakland,
Washington next attended Mainland High School, a public high school in Daytona
Beach, Florida, from 1970–71.[3] Washington was interested in attending Texas
Tech University: "I grew up in the Boys Club in Mount Vernon, and we were the
Red Raiders. So when I was in high school, I wanted to go to Texas Tech in
Lubbock just because they were called the Red Raiders and their uniforms looked
like ours."[7] Washington earned a B.A. in Drama and Journalism from Fordham
University in 1977.[8] At Fordham he played collegiate basketball as a freshman
guard[9] under coach P. J. Carlesimo.[10] After a period of indecision on which
major to study and dropping out of school for a semester, Washington worked as a
counselor at an overnight summer camp, Camp Sloane YMCA in Lakeville,
Connecticut. He participated in a staff talent show for the campers and a
colleague suggested he try acting.[11]
Returning to Fordham that fall with
a renewed purpose and focus, he enrolled at the Lincoln Center campus to study
acting and was given the title roles in both Eugene O'Neill's The Emperor Jones
and Shakespeare's Othello. Upon graduation he was given a scholarship to attend
graduate school at the American Conservatory Theatre in San Francisco, where he
stayed for one year before returning to New York to begin a professional acting
career.[12]
Career
Early
work
Washington spent the summer of 1976
in St. Mary's City, Maryland in summer stock theater performing Wings of the
Morning, the Maryland State play. He also filmed a series of commercials in the
Fruit of the Loom ensemble, as Grapes. Shortly after graduating from Fordham,
Washington made his professional acting debut in the 1977 made-for-television
film Wilma with his first Hollywood appearance in the 1981 film Carbon Copy.
Washington shared a 1982 Distinguished Ensemble Performance Obie Award for
playing Private First Class Melvin Peterson in the Off-Broadway Negro Ensemble
Company production A Soldier's Play which premiered November 20, 1981.[13]
A major career break came when he
starred as Dr. Phillip Chandler in the television hospital drama St. Elsewhere
which ran from 1982 to 1988 on NBC. He was one of only a few African American
actors to appear on the series for its entire six-year run. Washington also
appeared in several television, film and stage roles such as the films A
Soldier's Story (1984), Hard Lessons (1986) and Power (1986). In 1987 Washington
starred as South African anti-apartheid political activist Steven Biko in
Richard Attenborough's Cry Freedom for which he received a nomination for the
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. In 1989 Washington won an Academy Award
for Best Supporting Actor for playing a defiant self-possessed ex-slave soldier
in the film Glory. Also that year he appeared in the film The Mighty Quinn, and
as the conflicted and disillusioned Reuben James, a British soldier who, despite
a distinguished military career, returns to a civilian life where racism and
inner city life leads to vigilantism and violence in For Queen and Country.
1990s
1991, Washington starred as Bleek
Gilliam in the Spike Lee film Mo' Better Blues. In 1992, he starred as Demetrius
Williams in the romantic drama Mississippi Masala. Washington was reunited with
Lee to play one of his most critically acclaimed roles as the title character of
1992's Malcolm X. His performance as the black nationalist leader earned him
another nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. The next year he played
the lawyer of a homosexual man with AIDS in the 1993 film Philadelphia. During
the early and mid 1990s, Washington starred in several successful thrillers,
including The Pelican Brief and Crimson Tide, as well as in comedy Much Ado
About Nothing and alongside Whitney Houston in the romantic drama The Preacher's
Wife.[citation needed]
In 1998, Washington starred in
Spike Lee's film, He Got Game. Washington played a father serving a six year
prison term who is propositioned by the warden to a temporary parole on the
terms that he must convince his top-ranked high-school basketball player son
(Ray Allen), into signing with the governor's alma mater, Big State. The film
also marked the third time that Spike Lee and Washington worked on a film
together.[14]
In 1999, Washington starred in The
Hurricane a film about boxer Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter whose conviction for
triple murder was overturned after he had spent almost 20 years in prison. A
former reporter who was angry at seeing the film portray Carter as innocent
despite the overturned conviction began a campaign to pressure Academy Award
voters not to award the film Oscars.[15] Washington did receive a Golden Globe
Award in 2000 and a Silver Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival
for the role.
He also presented the Arthur Ashe
ESPY Award to Loretta Claiborne for her courage and appeared as himself in the
end of The Loretta Claiborne Story film.[citation needed]
2000s
In 2000, Washington appeared in the
Disney film Remember the Titans which grossed over $100 million at the United
States box office.[16]
When Washington won a Golden Globe
award for Best Actor in a Dramatic Movie in 2000, as he noted: "No
African-American has won best actor in the Golden Globes since Sidney Poitier,
until I did".[17] That made him the first Black actor to win the award in 36
years.[18]
He won an Academy Award for Best
Actor in his next film, the 2001 cop thriller Training Day as Detective Alonzo
Harris, a rogue Los Angeles cop with questionable law-enforcement tactics.
Washington was the second African-American performer to win an Academy Award for
Best Actor, the first being Sidney Poitier who happened to receive an Honorary
Academy Award the same night that Washington won. Washington holds the record
(five so far) for most Oscar nominations by an actor of African descent, along
with Morgan Freeman since 2009.
After appearing in 2002's box
office success, the health care-themed John Q., Washington directed his first
film, a well-reviewed drama called Antwone Fisher, in which he also co-starred.
Between 2003 and 2004, Washington
appeared in a series of thrillers that performed generally well at the box
office, including Out of Time, Man on Fire, and The Manchurian Candidate.[19] In
2006, he starred in Inside Man, a Spike Lee-directed bank heist thriller
co-starring Jodie Foster and Clive Owen, and Déjà Vu released in November 2006.
In 2006, Denzel worked alongside
multi-talented Irish off-rock band The Script on their new project combining
music and Hollywood. The hybrid of genres was critically acclaimed but didn't
receive much mainstream attention due to a legal conflicts between The Script's
record label and Denzel's studio commitments.
In 2007, he co-starred with Russell
Crowe in American Gangster. Washington directed and starred in the drama The
Great Debaters with Forest Whitaker. Washington next appeared in the 2009 film
The Taking of Pelham 1 2 3, a remake of the 1974 thriller The Taking of Pelham
One Two Three, directed by Tony Scott as New York City subway security chief
Walter Garber opposite John Travolta.[20]
Return
to theater
Washington was last seen onstage in
the summer of 1990 in the title role of the Public Theater's production of
Shakespeare's Richard III and in 2005, after a 15-year hiatus, he appeared
onstage again in another Shakespeare play as Marcus Brutus in Julius Caesar on
Broadway. The production's limited run was a consistent sell-out averaging over
100% attendance capacity nightly despite receiving mixed reviews.[21]
2010s
In February 2009, Washington began
filming The Book of Eli a post-Apocalyptic drama set in the near future which
was released in January 2010. Also the same year, he starred as a veteran
railroad engineer in the action film Unstoppable, about an unmanned,
half-mile-long runaway freight train carrying a dangerous cargo. The film was
directed by Tony Scott, and was the fifth collaboration between the two, after
previous films Crimson Tide (1995), Man on Fire (2004), Déjà Vu (2006) and The
Taking of Pelham 1 2 3 (2009).
On June 13, 2010, Washington won
the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play for his role in
the play Fences.[22][23] Washington will appear in two upcoming films: Safe
House and The Matarese Circle.
Personal life
On June 25, 1983, Washington
married Pauletta Pearson, whom he met on the set of his first screen work, the
television film Wilma. The couple have four children: John David (b. July 28,
1984), who signed a football contract with the St. Louis Rams in May 2006 and is
currently playing with the Sacramento Mountain Lions of the United Football
League (John David also played college football at Morehouse);[24] Katia (b.
November 1987), who is attending Yale University; and twins Olivia and Malcolm
(Malcolm attends the University of Pennsylvania). In 1995, the couple renewed
their wedding vows in South Africa with Archbishop Desmond Tutu officiating.[25]
Washington is a devout
Christian,[26] and has considered becoming a preacher. "A part of me still says,
‘Maybe, Denzel, you’re supposed to preach. Maybe you’re still compromising.’
I’ve had an opportunity to play great men and, through their words, to preach. I
take what talent I’ve been given seriously, and I want to use it for good.”[27]
In 1995 he donated 2.5 million dollars to help build the new West Angeles Church
of God in Christ facility in Los Angeles.[28]
Washington has served as the
national spokesperson for Boys & Girls Clubs of America since 1993.[29] As such,
he has been featured in several public service announcements and awareness
campaigns for the organization.[30] In addition, he has served as a board member
for Boys & Girls Clubs of America since 1995.
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of
Colombia named Washington as one of three people (the others being directors
Oliver Stone and Michael Moore) with whom they were willing to negotiate for the
release of three defense contractors that the group had held captive from 2003
to 2008.[31]
On May 18, 1991, Washington was
awarded an honorary doctorate from his alma mater, Fordham University, for
having "impressively succeeded in exploring the edge of his multifaceted
talent".[32] In 2011 he donated $2 million to Fordham for an endowed chair of
the theatre department, as well as $250,000 for a theatre-specific scholarship
to Fordham. He also was awarded an honorary doctorate of humanities from
Morehouse College on May 20, 2007.[33]
In 2008, Washington visited Israel
with a delegation of African American artists in honor of the Jewish state's
60th birthday.[34]
In 2011, Washingtonreceived an
honorary degree from the University of Pennsylvania, serving as the keynote
speaker for commencement.
Filmography
Year
Film
Role
Notes
1974
Death Wish
Alleyway
mugger
On-screen
debut, uncredited
1977
Wilma
Robert
Eldridge
(television film)
1979
Coriolanus
Aedile/Roman Citizen
(video)
1981
Carbon
Copy
Roger
Porter
1984
License to
Kill
Martin
Sawyer
(television film)
Soldier's Story, AA
Soldier's Story
Pfc.
Melvin Peterson
1986
The George
McKenna Story
George
McKenna
(U.S.
title – Hard Lessons, television film)
Power
Arnold
Billings
NAACP
Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture
1987
Cry
Freedom
Steve Biko
Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1989
Mighty Quinn, TheThe
Mighty Quinn
Xavier
Quinn
For Queen
and Country
Reuben
James
Festival
du Film Policier de Cognac Award for Best Actor
Glory
Pvt. Trip
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor
1990
Heart
Condition
Napoleon
Stone
Mo' Better
Blues
Bleek
Gilliam
1991
Ricochet
Nicholas
Styles
1992
Mississippi Masala
Demetrius
Williams
NAACP
Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Malcolm X
Malcolm X
Chicago
Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - Male
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
Silver Bear for Best Actor –
43rd Berlin International Film Festival.[35]
Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1993
Much Ado
About Nothing
Don Pedro
of Aragon
Pelican Brief, TheThe
Pelican Brief
Gray
Grantham
Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Male
Philadelphia
Joe Miller
Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo shared
with Tom Hanks
1995
Crimson
Tide
Lt.
Commander Ron Hunter
NAACP
Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - Male
Virtuosity
Lt. Parker
Barnes
Devil in a
Blue Dress
Easy
Rawlins
1996
Courage
Under Fire
Lt.
Colonel Nathaniel Serling
NAACP
Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Lone Star Film & Television Award for Best Actor
Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
Preacher's Wife, TheThe
Preacher's Wife
Dudley
1998
Fallen
Detective
John Hobbes
He Got
Game
Jake
Shuttlesworth
Nominated—Acapulco Black Film Festival Award for Best Actor
Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Siege, TheThe
Siege
Special
Agent Anthony 'Hub' Hubbard FBI
1999
Bone Collector, TheThe
Bone Collector
Lincoln
Rhyme
Hurricane, TheThe
Hurricane
Rubin
"Hurricane" Carter
Golden
Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Black Reel Award for Best Actor
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Silver Bear for Best Actor
Nominated—Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a
Male Actor in a Leading Role
2000
Remember
the Titans
Coach
Herman Boone
BET Award
for Best Actor
Black Reel Award for Best Actor
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
Academy
Award for Best Actor
American Film Institute Award for Actor of the Year – Male – Movies
Black Reel Award for Best Actor
Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actor
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
MTV Movie Award for Best Villain
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Nominated—Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Actor
Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a
Male Actor in a Leading Role
2002
John Q
John
Quincy Archibald
Nominated—Black Reel Award for Best Actor
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Antwone
Fisher
Dr. Jerome
Davenport
Also
Producer/Director
Black Reel Award for Best Director
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture
Producers Guild of America Stanley Kramer Award
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Director
Nominated—Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actor
Nominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best Director
Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Director
2003
Out of
Time
Police
Chief Matthias Lee Whitlock
Nominated—Black Reel Award for Best Actor
Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
2004
Man on
Fire
John
Creasy
Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Manchurian Candidate, TheThe
Manchurian Candidate
Major Ben
Marco
2006
Inside Man
Detective
Keith Frazier
Nominated—Black Movie Award for Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a
Leading RoleNominated—Black Reel Award for Best Actor
Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Déjà Vu
Special
Agent Doug Carlin
2007
American
Gangster
Frank
Lucas
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - Male
Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Villain
Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a
Cast in a Motion Picture
Great Debaters, TheThe
Great Debaters
Melvin B.
Tolson
Also
Director
Christopher Award for Best Feature Film
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture
Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Director
2009
The Taking
of Pelham 123
Walter
Garber
2010
Book of Eli, TheThe
Book of Eli
Eli
Also
Producer
Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actor
Unstoppable
Frank
Barnes
2012
Safe House
Tobin
Frost
Post-production
The
Matarese Circle
Brandon
Scofield
Pre-production
2013
Flight
Whip
Production
References
1.^ "Five Ways Denzel Can Achieve
His EGOT Dream". Newsfeed.time.com. 2010-06-14.
http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/06/14/denzel-washington-moves-one-step-closer-to-an-egot.
Retrieved 2011-08-14.
2.^ (April 4, 2002). "Halle Berry,
Denzel Washington get historic wins at Oscars. Jet. Digital version retrieved
March 17, 2008.
3.^ a b Nickson, Chris (1874).
Denzel Washington. St. Martin's Paperbacks. pp. 9–11. ISBN 0712950433.
4.^ "Denzel Washington Biography
(1954–)". Filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/90/Denzel-Washington.html.
Retrieved 2011-08-14.
5.^ Ingram, E. Renée (2005).
Buckingham County. Arcadia Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 0738518425.
6.^ "Denzel Washington: 'I Try To
Send A Good Message'". Parade Magazine. December 12, 1999. http://www.parade.com/articles/editions/1999/edition_12-12-1999/Denzel_Washington.
7.^ "Leach OK with star power".
Florida Times-Union. http://www.jacksonville.com/tu-online/stories/123007/col_-230127235.shtml.
Retrieved December 31, 2007.
8.^ "Denzel Washington Returns to
Acting Roots". Fordham.edu. 2003-10-28. http://www.fordham.edu/campus_resources/enewsroom/archives/archive_545.asp.
Retrieved 2011-08-14.
9.^ Spurs Coach Sticks Neck Out for
Calesimo[dead link]
10.^ "Pro Basketball" Notebook;
Chicago's Jordan-Jackson-Pippen Triangle, page 2". New York Times. 1998-03-22.
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9907E7D61538F931A15750C0A96E958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2.
Retrieved 2011-08-14.
11.^ Paisner, Daniel A Hand to
Guide Me (Meredith Books, 2006), p. 17. ISBN 978-0-696-23049-3
12.^ Denzel Washington Biography,
AllMovie.com. accessdate=February 13, 2008
13.^ A Soldier's Play, Lortel
Archives
14.^ "Going Fourth Denzel
Washington And Spike Lee On Their Quartet Of Movies. - Free Online Library".
Thefreelibrary.com. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/GOING+FOURTH+DENZEL+WASHINGTON+AND+SPIKE+LEE+ON+THEIR+QUARTET+OF...-a0143596899.
Retrieved 2011-08-14.
15.^ Reisinger, Sue. "Ex-Reporter
Rains on Denzel's Parade", Miami Herald, April 3, 2000, via GraphicWitness.com
17.^ From the archive (March 23,
2000). "All ready for a storm". Herald Scotland. http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/all-ready-for-a-storm-1.243614.
Retrieved February 24, 2011.
18.^ "Denzel Washington and Halle
Berry Win Golden Globe Awards". Jet. February 7, 2000.
http://books.google.com/books?id=KT0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA58&dq=golden+globe+black+actor&hl=en&ei=tPZlTdXRDcP68AaOoJjGCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=
result&resnum=3&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=golden%20globe%20black%20actor&f=false.
Retrieved February 24, 2011.
19.^ "Denzel Washington Movie Box
Office Results". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?id=denzelwashington.htm.
Retrieved March 20, 2007.
20.^ [1]
21.^ "A Big-Name Brutus in a
Cauldron of Chaos", by Ben Brantley, The New York Times, April 4, 2005.
22.^ Farley, Christopher John (May
4, 2010). "2010 Tony Award Nominations: Denzel Washington, Scarlett Johansson
Earn Nods". The Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2010/05/04/2010-tony-award-nominations-denzel-washington-scarlett-johansson-earn-nods/.
Retrieved May 4, 2010.
23.^ "BWW TV: 2010 Tony Winners-
Washington & Davis", by BroadwayWorld, BroadwayWorld.com, June 14, 2010.
24.^ "Denzel Washington's son among
Rams signees". ESPN. May 1, 2006. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/draft06/news/story?id=2429264.
Retrieved March 20, 2007.
25.^ "Denzel Washington and Wife
Celebrate 27th Wedding Anniversary in Italy", LoveTripper.com, June 28, 2009
26.^ Ojumu, Akin (March 24, 2002).
"The Observer Profile: Denzel Washington". The Observer. http://observer.guardian.co.uk/screen/story/0,6903,673083,00.html.
Retrieved February 11, 2008.
27.^ "Denzel Washington: 'I Try to
Send A Good Message'". Parade Magazine. December 12, 1999. http://www.parade.com/articles/editions/1999/edition_12-12-1999/Denzel_Washington.
28.^ "Magic gives $5 mil., Denzel
gives $2.5 mil. to build new West Angeles COGIC facility in Los Angeles", Jet,
November 6, 1995 (link to headline only)
30.^ "BE GREAT Alumni". Bgca.org.
http://www.bgca.org/whoweare/alumni/Pages/BEGREATAlumni.aspx. Retrieved
2011-08-14.
31.^ "Colombian rebels ask Denzel
Washington to help broker hostage exchange". CBC Arts. November 10, 2006.
http://www.cbc.ca/arts/film/story/2006/11/10/colombia-denzel.html. Retrieved
March 20, 2007.
32.^ "COMMENCEMENTS: Fordham
Graduates Urged to Defend the Poor". New York Times. May 19, 1991. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/19/nyregion/commencements-fordham-graduates-urged-to-defend-the-poor.html.
33.^ "Morehouse Celebrates an 'End
of an Era' with a Special Commencement Message from Dr. Walter E. Massey",
Morehouse College press release, May 15, 2007
34.^ Eichner, Itamar (2/6/2008).
"Denzel Washington to visit Israel". ynetNews.com. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3503307,00.html.
Retrieved January 27, 2010.
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